Decays and de-excited process models
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.. list-table:: **nevap**
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   * - Value
     - Explanation
   * -  | (D=3)
     -  | Options for evaporation model.
   * -  | =0
     -  | Without evaporation model.
   * -  | =3
     -  | Using GEM model.
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.. list-table:: **ngem**
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   * - Value
     - Explanation
   * -  | (D=1)
     -  | Options for the version of the GEM model.
   * -  | =0
     -  | Use the default version (currently ver.1).
   * -  | =1
     -  | Use Ver.1.
   * -  | =2
     -  | Use Ver.2 (including nucleon-gamma emission competition、KTUY  data [#]_ for shell correction).
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.. list-table:: **ifission**
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   * - Value
     - Explanation
   * -  | (D=1)
     -  | Options for fission reaction model.
   * -  | =1
     -  | Use the default version (currently Ver.1).
   * -  | =2
     -  | Apply Iwamoto's model [#]_ to nuclei with charge less than 89,  for proton- or neutron-induced reaction.
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.. list-table:: **igamma**
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   * - Value
     - Explanation
   * -  | (D=2)
     -  | :math:`\gamma`  decay options for residual nuclei [#]_ .
   * -  | =0
     -  | Without  :math:`\gamma`  decay.
   * -  | =1
     -  | With  :math:`\gamma`  decay.
   * -  | =2
     -  | With  :math:`\gamma`  decay based on the EBITEM model.
   * -  | =3
     -  | With  :math:`\gamma`  decay and isomer production based on the EBITEM model.
   * -  | =-1,-2,-3
     -  | Same as 1, 2, 3, except that Doppler effect owing to the motion of excited nuclei  is disregarded. Do not use unless necessary, as it distorts physical reaction processes.
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.. list-table:: **ismm**
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   * - Value
     - Explanation
   * -  | (D=0)
     -  | Control parameter of Statistical Multi-fragmentation Model (SMM).
   * -  | =0
     -  | SMM is not used.
   * -  | =1
     -  | SMM is used.  When a JQMD calculation is performed, switching time from JQMD to GEM  changes from the default value of 150 fm/c to 75 fm/c.
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.. list-table:: **irelax**
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   * - Value
     - Description
   * - (D=0)
     - Option to control the generation of characteristic X-rays and Auger electrons induced by charged particles such as protons and heavy ions.
   * - 0
     - Do not generate characteristic X-rays or Auger electrons.
   * - >0
     - Generate characteristic X-rays and Auger electrons according to their production probabilities. The absolute value specifies the range of electron shells included (1: K shell only, 2: K and L shells, ..., 7: all electron shells).
   * - <0
     - Forcibly generate characteristic X-rays and Auger electrons, and adjust their weights according to the production probabilities. The absolute value specifies the range of electron shells included (-1: K shell only, -2: K and L shells, ..., -7: all electron shells).

Setting igamma=3 enables obtaining information on isomer production using **[t-yield]** with **axis=chart** or **dchain**: see reference [#]_ for details.

With the Statistical Multi-fragmentation Model (SMM), PHITS improves  the accuracy of calculating the production cross sections of light and  medium-heavy fragments for collisions of heavy ions such as Pb or Hg or  for incident energies over 100 MeV/n.  It should be noted that the computational time becomes long when using  this model: see the references   [#]_   [#]_  for details. 

.. [#] \H. Koura, T. Tachibana, M. Uno, and M. Yamada,  RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 36 (2003) 9:  H. Koura, TOURS Symposium on Nuclear Physics V,  AIP Proceedings 704 (2004) 60.  
.. [#]  Hiroki Iwamoto, and Shin-ichiro Meigo, Journal of Nuclear Science and  Technology, 56 (2019) 160-171. 
.. [#]  Prior to ver. 2.73, file(14)=trxcrd.dat is required for  igamma=1-3.  
.. [#] \T. Ogawa, S. Hashimoto, T. Sato, and K. Niita,  Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 325 (2014) 35-42. 
.. [#] \T. Ogawa, T. Sato, S. Hashimoto, and K. Niita, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 723 (2013) 36-46. 
.. [#]  J.P. Bondorf, A.S. Botvina, A.S. Iljinov, I.N. Mishustin, and  K. Sneppen,  Physics Reports 257 (1995) 133-221.